A legacy of torture: Inside Lebanon’s Khiam jail

Thousands were abused in Israeli custody at the Khiam detention centre, where locals hope to build a larger memorial.

Khiam detention centre
Some 5,000 prisoners passed through Khiam's cells before Israel left southern Lebanon in May 2000 [Lizzie Porter/Al Jazeera]

Khiam, Lebanon – Ahmed Hussein al-Amine, a stout man in a checkered shirt and yellow baseball cap, stands atop a rusting Israeli tank, fixing the Hezbollah and Lebanese flags that fly from it. The banging of his hammer rings through the breeze.

“I have lot of work to do today,” Amine tells Al Jazeera.

The tank and other military vehicles stand within a complex of crushed buildings. Roofs lie concave on the ground; breeze block walls have been smashed into hundreds of pieces. Tangles of metal reinforcements and barbed wire surround them like perverse Christmas garlands.

'Prisoners were kept naked and splashed with hot and cold water, and subjected to electric shocks. They then had salt put in their wounds' [Lizzie Porter/Al Jazeera]
‘Prisoners were kept naked and splashed with hot and cold water, and subjected to electric shocks. They then had salt put in their wounds’ [Lizzie Porter/Al Jazeera]

This is Khiam detention centre – at least what remains of it. Once a French army barracks, in 1985 it became a prison and torture centre run by the Israeli proxy militia, the South Lebanese Army (SLA).

Some 5,000 prisoners passed through its cells before Israel left southern Lebanon in May 2000. The remaining 144 detainees, including Amine, were then freed.

With the backing of Lebanon’s Hezbollah group, Khiam became a memorial to those who suffered and died at the hands of the SLA and Israel. But in the summer of 2006, during the 34-day Israeli onslaught against Lebanon, Israeli planes bombed the remains of the site and the neighbouring village.

Amine, a 56-year-old father of four, spent four years at Khiam after his arrest in September 1996. Today, he works to help maintain the remnants of the memorial site. Stepping through the rubble of what were once torture chambers and prison cells, he leans on a metal pole, where he and other detainees were hung by their wrists, and explains how at least 10 people died under torture at Khiam.

“Prisoners were kept naked and splashed with hot and cold water, and subjected to electric shocks,” he tells Al Jazeera. “They then had salt put in their wounds.” There were no court proceedings or charges brought against him during his detention, Amine adds.

“The address, Khiam detention centre, is a terrible address,” he says. “The importance of this place is showing that the Israelis occupied Lebanon and tortured us.”

With the backing of Lebanon's Hezbollah group, Khiam became a memorial to those who suffered and died at the hands of the SLA and Israel [Lizzie Porter/Al Jazeera] 
With the backing of Lebanon’s Hezbollah group, Khiam became a memorial to those who suffered and died at the hands of the SLA and Israel [Lizzie Porter/Al Jazeera] 

Amine, who still lives in Khiam village, was at one point kept in solitary confinement for five months. The solitary cells are each about a metre square, with dark brown, heavy metal doors. Sliding metal openings provide the only source of light.

Women were also kept at Khiam – around 500, by Amine’s estimation. 

“I was once kept in Room Four, opposite where the women were kept,” he recalls. “I could hear them talking to each other. I couldn’t hear exactly what they were saying, just odd words and screams.”

He is certain that Israeli forces razed the site in 2006 “to destroy what was showing their malice and torture”. Yet tourist numbers remain robust: Up to 500 visitors pass through the site in a typical weekend, including American, European, British and Lebanese citizens, Amine says.

READ MORE: The history of Hezbollah, from Israel to Syria

On a blazing, humid August day, a group of four young Lebanese men tour the site.

“This is part of Lebanese history and we came here to see what happened,” says Youssef, a visitor from the West Bekaa region. This is their second visit to Khiam; they previously saw it before the July 2006 war.

“It is completely destroyed now,” says Samir. “[Israel] destroyed it so people don’t know what they did.”

Shell cases have been propped among the ruins in an artistic manner. Visitors snap photos with the rusty Israeli army trucks and tanks topped with Hezbollah and Lebanese flags.

The local team of managers and survivors of Khiam want to rebuild the site and develop a larger memorial [Lizzie Porter/Al Jazeera]
The local team of managers and survivors of Khiam want to rebuild the site and develop a larger memorial [Lizzie Porter/Al Jazeera]

The site serves as a reminder of southern Lebanon’s oft-forgotten conflicts. Although a United Nations Security Council resolution put an end to the military confrontation in August 2006, there is still no permanent ceasefire. Israel frequently accuses Hezbollah of spying and aggression, and Lebanon, in turn, accuses Israel of aerial, naval and foot patrol incursions.

The local team of managers and survivors of Khiam want to rebuild the site and develop a larger memorial, to ensure the memories never fade.

“The prison is destroyed now … We are soon going to instigate a great new project,” Amine says. “The project includes details on the destruction and how the site was before.”

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However, such redevelopment could make the site a target in a potential new confrontation with Israel. Although Hezbollah Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah has suggested that Israel would be unwise to test Hezbollah’s capabilities, analysts say the outcome of such a confrontation would be unclear.

David Daoud, a US-based research analyst focusing on Hezbollah and Lebanon, told Al Jazeera that a new war with Israel was unlikely under the current circumstances, given Hezbollah’s focus on propping up Bashar al-Assad‘s regime in Syria

“Hezbollah is entrenched in Syria and they’re extremely stretched out,” Daoud said. “Israel also doesn’t want a war. Its senior military officials keep saying as much, and I think much of the threatening rhetoric is a misguided attempt at deterring war.”

Israel has always distanced itself from direct involvement at Khiam prison, insisting it was under SLA management. But a Human Rights Watch report released in 1999 said that an Israeli defence ministry affidavit confirmed that Israeli intelligence agents had “direct involvement with Lebanese interrogators at Khiam”.

The SLA collapsed after Israel’s withdrawal from southern Lebanon. Its leader, General Antoine Lahd, fled to France, where he died in September 2015.

Back at Khiam, Amine says the legacy of torture he endured during his years in prison continue to haunt him to this day: “From the electric shocks, there is still pain.”

Source: Al Jazeera