Indonesia’s suspected child coronavirus deaths highlight danger

Twenty-eight children confirmed dead from COVID-19, but government suspects some 715 deaths linked to virus.

Grieving father Iyansyah shows a phone with a picture of his child Fahri, who died from the coronavirus at just nine months old [Abdul Latief Apriaman/Reuters]

Hundreds of children in Indonesia are believed to have died from COVID-19, giving the Southeast Asian country one of the world’s highest rates of child deaths from the novel coronavirus, which experts around the world say poses little danger to the young.

Paediatricians and health officials in the world’s fourth-most-populous country said the high number of child deaths from a disease that mostly kills the elderly was due to underlying factors, in particular malnutrition, anaemia and inadequate child health facilities.

“COVID-19 proves that we have to fight against malnutrition,” Achmad Yurianto, a senior health ministry official, told Reuters.

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He said Indonesian children were caught in a “devil’s circle”, a cycle of malnutrition and anaemia that increased their vulnerability to the coronavirus. He compared malnourished children to weak structures that “crumble after an earthquake”.

Since Indonesia announced its first coronavirus case in March, it has recorded 2,000 deaths, the highest in the Asia Pacific outside China.

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A total of 715 people under 18 had contracted the coronavirus, while 28 had died, according to a health ministry document dated May 22 and reviewed by Reuters.

Indonesia also recorded more than 380 deaths among 7,152 children classified as “patients under monitoring”, meaning people with severe coronavirus symptoms for which there is no other explanation, but whose tests have not confirmed the disease.

Even the official figure for children who have died of the coronavirus, at 28 as of May 22, would give Indonesia a high rate of child death, at 2.1 percent of its total.

‘Triple burden’

Different countries use different age brackets in statistics, but deaths for those under 24 in the United States are a little over 0.1 percent of that country’s coronavirus fatalities.

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In Brazil, the number of suspected COVID deaths under age 19 is 1.2 percent. In the Philippines, deaths of those under 19 are about 2.3 percent of the coronavirus toll.

Indonesia, a developing country of 270 million, suffers from a “triple burden of malnutrition,” which includes stunting, anaemia among mothers, and obesity, according to the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).

Nearly one in three Indonesian children under five is stunted, UNICEF says.

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“The nutrition status impacts children’s immunity,” said Dr Nastiti Kaswandani, a paediatric pulmonologist in the capital, Jakarta.

“That’s important in mitigating COVID infections.”

Paediatricians said the ill-equipped healthcare system was also a problem.

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“The biggest discrepancy in Indonesia is the availability of paediatric intensive care units,” said Shela Putri Sundawa, a paediatric doctor in Jakarta.

The health ministry declined to provide data on care units for children and a senior official said the system had not been overwhelmed.

Equipment shortages are more pronounced outside the capital.

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Paediatrician Dominicus Husada said a hospital he worked at on Madura island, in East Java, did not have ventilators for children. An 11-year-old died from the coronavirus there in March.

One father, Iyansyah, whose nine-month-old boy died from COVID-19 on Lombok island, told Reuters the hospital did not have care units for children.

“Truthfully, if the hospital I went to had complete facilities, he’d probably have survived,” said Iyansyah.

Source: Reuters

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