As Southern Sudan prepares for January's independence referendum, there are concerns over the future of hundreds of thousands of Arab nomads who rely on the South for their survival.
They have no right to vote in the referendum because of their Arab ethnicity, and are unlikely receive citizenship in any new state.
Should relations deteriorate between north and south, they could lose all access to the region, with disastrous consequences.
Al Jazeera's May Welsh reports.
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