Ivory Coast's opposition has declared it will no longer recognise Laurent Gbagbo as president, a move likely to complicate his efforts to form a new government, after he dissolved the old one along with the West African country's electoral commission.

The four-party opposition coalition RHDP urged supporters on Saturday to mobilise against the governing party, setting the scene for possible demonstrations in a country once seen as a model of stability and economic prosperity.

"We no longer recognise Laurent Gbagbo as president of the republic," RHDP leader Djedje Madi said, adding that the opposition would not participate in forming a new government.

Five years after Gbagbo's term ended, Ivory Coast has yet to hold a presidential election to replace him, having cancelled several dates since 2005.

Madi said the president's dismissal of the government and election board on Friday was "antidemocratic and anti-constitutional," and tantamount to "a coup d'etat."

Voter dispute

Tensions rose after Gbagbo sacked the head of the independent election commission amid accusations he was behind an attempt to add nearly 500,000 illegitimate voters onto the rolls.

Opposition supporters accused the ruling party of trying to disqualify voters who are not allied with Gbagbo.

Gbagbo asked Prime Minister Guillaume Soro to stay on to form a new government. Soro was the senior rebel leader before a 2007 peace deal ended the country's brief civil war and established the now-defunct government.

A spokeswoman for the opposition RDR party said Gbagbo's dissolution of the government was a step toward dictatorship.

"We cannot let this dictatorship establish itself," Anne Ouloto said.

The independent PIT party, allied with neither the opposition nor the president, also condemned the move.

"It runs in the face of all the peace accords we've signed since 2004," party secretary general Francois Kouablan said.

"That today the president thinks he has the powers to do this gives the impression that we've gone back 20 years."

At the heart of the impasse delaying a presidential vote is the question of who is really Ivorian.

Political disarray

While officially the vote is expected to take place before early March, the current political disarray casts doubt on this schedule.

The UN Security Council called recently for the election to be held before June.

Security forces were on alert in the divided West African  country, but the situation appeared calm, including in the seaside  commercial capital of Abidjan.

Ivorian newspapers described the announcements as a blow for the opposition, which held a number of posts in the former government and dominated the election commission.

"The head of state has administered an uppercut to the opposition," wrote the independent Soir-Info.

It forecast a new government "composed entirely of the presidential majority and FN," the ex-rebels of Soro.

For the country's two main opposition newspapers, Le Nouveau  Reveil and Le Patriote, Gbabgo's announcements amount to "tearing  up" the 2007 peace agreement clinched with Soro and aimed to unify  the country.

Before its brief civil war, Ivory Coast was one of Africa's economic stars boasting a modern, cosmopolitan capital which lured tens of thousands of immigrants from poorer neighboring nations.